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在做多个主机的测试时，可以通过主机名更加直观的分辨出不同的主机，这里记录下修改主机名的方式及测试过程。 查看主机名方式一 echo @HOSTNAME 或者hostname 方式二 hostnamectl [root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: localhost.localdomain Transient hostname: localhost Icon name: computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: f5b4422ae39d4e5ab2e0fc32018cc6fe Boot ID: f44ad9cf36b84812b4ab0956d1a3216d Virtualization: vmware Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.90.1.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64 [root@localhost ~]#其中： Static hostname，静态主机名 Transient hostname，临时主机名 查看静态主机名用hostnamectl,查看临时主机名用hostname 修改主机名修改主机名需要两步： 修改主机名修改下/etc/hosts中的对应关系特别说明下： 修改主机名后，如果不修改/etc/hosts中的对应关系，从本地ping 主机名的时候会ping主机的外网地址，修改后，ping的是127.0.0.1.解析的过程会快一些 修改前： [root@combo73 ~]# ping combo73 PING combo73 (192.168.0.73) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.627 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=11 ttl=64 time=0.094 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=12 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=13 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=14 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=15 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=16 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=17 ttl=64 time=0.087 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=18 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=19 ttl=64 time=0.068 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=20 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms 64 bytes from localhost (192.168.0.73): icmp_seq=21 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms ^C --- combo73 ping statistics --- 21 packets transmitted, 21 received, 0% packet loss, time 24161ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.041/0.088/0.627/0.121 ms修改后： [root@combo73 ~]# ping combo73 PING combo73 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=11 ttl=64 time=0.045 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=12 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=13 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=14 ttl=64 time=0.062 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=15 ttl=64 time=0.148 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=16 ttl=64 time=0.065 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=17 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=18 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=19 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=20 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms 64 bytes from combo73 (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=21 ttl=64 time=0.104 ms ^C --- combo73 ping statistics --- 21 packets transmitted, 21 received, 0% packet loss, time 20030ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.029/0.060/0.148/0.025 ms hostnamectl set-hostname 新主机名hostnamectl set-hostname combo73 [root@combo73 ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: combo73 Icon name: computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: f5b4422ae39d4e5ab2e0fc32018cc6fe Boot ID: f44ad9cf36b84812b4ab0956d1a3216d Virtualization: vmware Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.90.1.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64修改主机名后，可以看到临时主机名消失了 重新登录下，环境变量中的主机名和命令提示符中的主机名也改过来了 [root@combo73 ~]# echo $HOSTNAME combo73 改下/etc/hosts中的配置 修改前： 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6修改为： 127.0.0.1 combo73 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 combo73 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 |
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